{"id":486,"date":"2024-11-25T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-24T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thinkers.int.kpfu.ru\/memorica\/?p=486"},"modified":"2025-09-05T12:49:04","modified_gmt":"2025-09-05T09:49:04","slug":"%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b3%d0%be%d1%80%d1%8c%d0%b5%d0%b2-%d0%b5%d0%b2%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thinkers.kpfu.ru\/memorica\/?p=486","title":{"rendered":"\u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f 13 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 1876 \u0433. \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438. \u041e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 (1900 \u0433.). \u0412 1900\u20131923 \u0433\u0433. \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438, \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0412\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 (\u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434 \u041a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432). \u0412 1923\u20131932 \u0433\u0433. \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u0432 1926\u20131930 \u0433\u0433. \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0421 1932 \u0433. \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430.<span id=\"copy\"><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"rcl-custom-fields\"><div class=\"rcl-field type-number-value\" id=\"v11502639e85d17fb7298a4181bce7fc2\"><span class=\"rcl-field-title\">\u0413\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><span class=\"title-colon\">: <\/span><span class=\"rcl-field-value\">1876<\/span><\/div><div class=\"rcl-field type-number-value\" id=\"v4bf21469a7f1aae7c2d52bd2512604d3\"><span class=\"rcl-field-title\">\u0413\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438<\/span><span class=\"title-colon\">: <\/span><span class=\"rcl-field-value\">1950<\/span><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440 (1935 \u0433.), \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420 (1940 \u0433.), \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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